
Sam Kersten
Value picture
Where the market, the likely price and the model estimates sit.
The model rates Sam Kersten's performance-implied value at EUR 0.6M-1.2M, above the estimated acquisition range of EUR 0.6M-1.5M. Its 24-month market value projection is EUR 0.9M-2.3M. Confidence is medium: no event-level data (xG, progressive actions) is available from the current free source, and injury history is unavailable.
Acquisition note: Final year of contract: selling club's leverage is reduced.
Bargain Index: 85
What drives the score. Not a black box: each component and its level.
| Performance | Average | 35.2th pct among DEF peers (age-neutral) |
| Age | Unfavorable | 28.4 years |
| Acquisition cost | Very favorable | est. €736k vs market €2.0M |
| Expected appreciation | Very low | -26% over ~2 years (model) |
| Value gap | Small | weak predictor on its own |
| Development | Low | |
| League translation | Uncertain | league coefficient 0.43 |
| Tactical fit | Not evaluated | Requires event/role data not available from the current free source. |
| Risk | High | |
| Data confidence | Medium |
Bargain Index = percentile (among all evaluated players) of expected 2-year value relative to estimated cost. See methodology and backtests.
Market value history
Market value ≠ transfer fee ≠ acquisition cost.
Profile vs positional peers
Percentiles among 1268 evaluated DEF players with 900+ minutes.
Performance (last season, league)
- Minutes
- 2352 (77% of available)
- Goals + assists / 90
- 0.04
- Context-adjusted G+A / 90
- 0.05
- xG, xA, progression
- Data unavailable
- Defensive actions
- Data unavailable
- Performance percentile
- 35 (Average)
Adjusted = shrunk toward positional baseline for small samples, corrected for team dominance over opponents, expressed relative to positional peers in the same league.
Context
- League strength
- 0.43 (rank 15)
- Team strength (Elo)
- 1284
- Opponent strength
- 1315
- Possession, role
- Data unavailable
League strength 1.00 = average club of the big-five leagues. Elo includes continental matches.
Potential
- Development
- Low
- Trajectory
- declining
- Breakout probability
- Age > 23
- Resale range (24m)
- €858k – €2.3M
Trajectory drivers: relative output down 49% vs positional peers.
Historical comparables (8): median 2-year value change -44% (IQR -51% to -11%).
Risk profile
Overall: High
- ⚠League level coefficient 0.43 (1.00 = big-five average): output may not translate.
- ⚠No continental-competition minutes last season.
- ⚠Contract ends in 12 months: cheaper, but competition and wage demands likely.
- ⚠Declining trajectory versus previous season.
- ⓘInjury history unavailable from current data source.
League translation
What happened to players who moved from this league to the big-five leagues (observed, not a forecast).
- Historical movers
- 82 (DEF)
- Relative output kept
- 65%–166%
- Held a regular role (900+ min)
- 78%
- Confidence
- Medium
Output is relative to positional peers in each league. Movers are a selected group (clubs buy players who fit), so treat this as context, not a guarantee.
Season-by-season (domestic league)
Context-adjusted values are model outputs.
| Season | Club | League | Pos | Apps | Min | Min share | G | A | G+A/90 | Adj. G+A/90 | Opp. Elo | Team Elo | League str. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025/26 | SC Heerenveen | Eredivisie | CB | 31 | 2352 | 77% | 1 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 1315 | 1284 | 0.43 |
| 2024/25 | SC Heerenveen | Eredivisie | CB | 30 | 2381 | 78% | 1 | 1 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 1320 | 1252 | 0.50 |
| 2023/24 | PEC Zwolle | Eredivisie | CB | 34 | 3060 | 100% | 0 | 2 | 0.06 | 0.08 | 1366 | 1189 | 0.48 |
| 2021/22 | PEC Zwolle | Eredivisie | CB | 13 | 1142 | 37% | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 1354 | 1226 | 0.60 |
| 2020/21 | PEC Zwolle | Eredivisie | CB | 28 | 2398 | 78% | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 1369 | 1271 | 0.56 |
| 2019/20 | PEC Zwolle | Eredivisie | CB | 16 | 1116 | 48% | 0 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 1375 | 1272 | 0.62 |
Cups & continental competitions
| Season | Competition | Club | Apps | Min | G | A | Avg opp. Elo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025/26 | Knvb Beker | SC Heerenveen | 4 | 345 | 0 | 0 | — |
| 2024/25 | Knvb Beker | SC Heerenveen | 2 | 180 | 0 | 0 | — |
| 2023/24 | Knvb Beker | PEC Zwolle | 1 | 90 | 0 | 0 | — |
| 2021/22 | Knvb Beker | PEC Zwolle | 1 | 45 | 0 | 0 | — |
Small continental samples are shown for context only and are not over-weighted.
Historical comparables
Most similar profiles 2+ years ago (same position group) and what happened next. Chosen by similarity only — failures included.
| Player (then) | Age | Value then | ~2y later | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uğur Çiftçi Super Lig · 2022 | 30 | €2.6M | €1.3M | fell |
| Miroslav Bogosavac Premier Liga · 2024 | 28 | €2.3M | €1.2M | fell |
| Sam Adekugbe Super Lig · 2022 | 27 | €2.0M | €1.2M | fell |
| Samet Akaydin Super Lig · 2022 | 28 | €2.0M | €2.5M | rose |
| Davide Biraschi Super Lig · 2024 | 30 | €900k | €400k | fell |
| Aleksandr Soldatenkov Premier Liga · 2023 | 27 | €2.5M | €4.0M | rose |
| Brian Lluy Super League 1 · 2016 | 27 | €1.0M | €200k | fell |
| Rens van Eijden Eredivisie · 2016 | 28 | €1.3M | €1.0M | fell |
Transfer history
Fees as reported by the source; undisclosed fees shown as unknown, never estimated.
| Date | From | To | Fee | MV at time |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 Jul 2024 | PEC Zwolle | Heerenveen | Free / loan | €800k |
| 10 Jul 2019 | FC Den Bosch | PEC Zwolle | €400k | €500k |
| 5 Oct 2016 | Den Bosch U21 | FC Den Bosch | Unknown | Data unavailable |
| 1 Jul 2016 | Brabant Utd U19 | Den Bosch U21 | Unknown | Data unavailable |
| 1 Jul 2015 | Brabant Utd U17 | Brabant Utd U19 | Unknown | Data unavailable |
| 1 Jul 2014 | Den Bosch Yth. | Brabant Utd U17 | Unknown | Data unavailable |
| 1 Jul 2011 | NEC Youth | Den Bosch Yth. | Free / loan | Data unavailable |
MoneyballAI identifies statistical opportunities from available data. A player flagged as a potential bargain is not guaranteed to succeed, to transfer, to rise in value, or to generate resale profit. Market values, fees and contracts come from third-party sources; ranges are model estimates with stated confidence.